Durham, an Industrial Behemoth!

Well, not really. But at one time with the tobacco factories and what not Durhaam was an industrial city- along with hosiery and cloth mills to boot. But, as everything does, this heydey came to an end, with the demise of the textile manufacturing and the fall of big tobacco.

Durham has been featured in numerous trade magazines and articles and has been in advertisements ranging from cars and trucks to water towers. At one time the Bull City was on the cutting edge.

Take the advertisement above for Ford Trucks. Note the quote from Frank Bennett, FD chief at the time (I think he lived on Markham Ave, am I mistaken in this belief?). This was back when fire trucks were based on actual trucks converted for FD use. These days they are custom built chassis, usually mated with a commercially available diesel engine (the same thing has happened to limousines too).

Anyone interested in obtaining one of these ads need not look very hard- they are very common, and most can be had for under $10 a piece.

The Rundown- Durham Police Patches

Durham Police patches can be separated into four basic groups: pre public safety, post public safety, public safety, and specialty patches. Durham actually has a variety of patches, which makes collecting them a hobby in itself. The current patch is available free of charge (used ones, of course). New ones are an eBay staple, and can be bought for under five dollars. Older ones show up as well from time to time.

The first uniforms did not sport a patch. Sometime around or before 1930 Durham went to wearing uniform patches.

The “tobacco” patch is probably Durham’s most simple, striking patch. It was put into use sometime between 1920-1930. It is very similar to the seal of the city, which was used on police cars as well as patches. The round patch used to be a popular shape in law enforcement, but today it is a little bit more uncommon. Several large cities still use the round patches, such as Atlanta, GA, and Toronto, Canada. This example above is a shirt patch. This patch has been reproduced in small numbers- they are fairly easy to spot because the blue in the patch will be a brilliant royal blue color (it really stands out), and when placed next to a real patch the difference is obvious.

The example above is a coat patch. As did many other departments, Durham wore a dress overcoat on top of a shirt and tie, with the Sam Browne belt worn outside the coat. These patches were actually round wool felt patches, which were then sewn onto the wool overcoats.

When the great public safety experiment came along in 1970, Durham went to a new patch to match the switch. And this was just an experiment, as it lasted only 15 years (1970-1985). In a much debated move the city council voted to combine police and fire services. Now all first responders would wear one single patch. Note that it resembles a fire department patch as much as anything, and that in the transition the patch was made larger and took on a different shape. There was a different patch with a rocker at the bottom that said "Reserves", similar to the police reserves patch below, worn by non-active reserve status public safety officers. This patch marked the end of any Durham public servant wearing a tobacco leaf on their shoulders.

When the fire department and police department split in 1985, Durham Police went to this patch. As patches go it’s not a well laid design. The lettering is not quite symmetrical, the wings of the eagle are not symmetrical either (though it’s hard to tell, they are not). In the middle of the patch is the rod of Asclepius, a nod to Durham’s nickname, “The City of Medicine”, which it owes to Duke University Medical Center, the VA Hospital, and Durham Regional Hospital. This patch is still in use today. The patch was designed by then Sgt JT Mangum. 

The patch actually has some symbolism implied. The following is courtesy the Durham PD:

The eagle at the center of the patch symbolizes America and the freedom, liberty, and rights police officers are sworn to protect. Looking to the right, the eagle graps an olive branch in its right talon/claw conveying that police s the ultimate goal. In its left talon claw, the eagle holds three arrows that represent the past, present, and future. The arrows are symbolic of the protection and skillful defense police officers are trained to provide to preserve the peace. the shield in the center of the eagle's body features Durham's City of Medicine emblem.

The patch's four colors are significant. Dark blue is indicative of law enforcement. red is symbolic of courage. Gold represents authority. White conveys purity. 

Despite all of this, it is one of the most commonly traded patches and is available on eBay commonly for just a dollar or two. 

Then there are a few specialty patches worth mentioning.

This police cadet patch dates from the 1960’s. As patches go it’s pretty rare, and would command a premium if it ever came up for sale, as there are so few surviving specimens. It is smaller than the current patch, but has the same star design element that the regular police patch of the time exhibited.

The Durham Park Rangers were employed from about 1973/74 until 1996. In 1996 they were dissolved and the officers were incorporated into the regular police department. Park rangers were responsible for city parks, including those inside the city, as well as Lake Michie and Little River Resevoir. The Durham PD continued to have a park ranger unit for about a decade after the original group was incorporated into the Durham PD. There is no longer a park ranger unit of any kind in the city. (Pic courtesy www.durhampolice.com)

The Durham Police have actually had a “crime lab” of sorts for around 60 years. After 1985, this small “crime lab” patch was produced and worn by ID Techs (Identification Technicians). Eventually sworn officers were no longer used and civilian crime scene technicians took their place, as is the case today. The unit is now known as the "Forensics Service Unit". This new unit, in turn, has their own patch.

The “reserve” patch is no longer in use, and was produced after 1985. The rocker at the bottom of the patch is actually not sewn in as part of the original patch and, if turned over, the seam is visible on the back. Reserve officers are impossible to distinguish from regular officers now, as the patch is the same.

The “honor guard” patch above is still in use today for, well, the honor guard. From a distance the patch looks exactly the same, and it is only used on a handful of dress jackets by honor guard personnel.

This subdued Durham Police patch is called a prototype by the departmental website. It was possibly made for the SET unit (SWAT team), or made as a private purchase patch. At any rate, there are few floating around, and rumor is that there is a different version being produced soon. Note that there is a "D" in the center of shield instead of the rod of Asclepius.

There is a round SET patch (well, actually two). However, I have yet to gain any cooperation in obtaining one for this website.

Durham Police Badges- A Quick History

Police badges are pretty collectible. And the older they are, the more folks want them. Durham has worn several different badges throughout the years, just like other departments. And like other departments the styles vary widely from the original piece of tin or cooper to the new lacquered badges. Values range for Durham police badges, from $200 to about $40. Across the net values for different badges range from thousands of dollars (for gold inlaid) to around $40. There are many badges worth even more, and eBay is full of them. Many departments used generic badges made by just a few different companies, and often the only differences are wording and state seals. A word of warning here: those badges marked with a fox stamp can be fakes. While Fox was a real badge company, there are many brass old west badges floating around which are reproductions. They were made by International Engineering in Wilmington California from the 70s through the 90s for the collector market.

To my knowledge no one has ever reproduced or has plans to reproduce Durham Police badges. There are, however, reproductions of the old "tobacco leaf" patch. Also, be cautious of gun show folks selling Durham Police stuff. Especially the uniform shirts are not always correct and are made up uniforms using old stock shirts and possible repro patches with incorrect period badges.

Enjoy the post below. The only badges missing are the supervisor badges from the teens through 1970 and the Public Safety badge which looks exactly like the current police badge.



This badge is one of the first (if not the very first) badge worn by Durham Police. It is typical of badges worn during the time and was mfg by CD Reese of 57 Warren St, NY, NY. Reese was a prolific badge manufacturer, and made different social and police related pins and badges. I can't find much out about the company and have no idea when it shut down.




The photo above, courtesy www.durhampolice.com, shows the Reese badge being worn. There was a supervisor badge worn during the period, which is totally different, which I have no pictures of. There were few in existence, as Durham was still a fairly small force.



Sometime around 1930, Durham went to this police badge. They are not marked on the back, although there is a patent stamp on it. It may be one of many manufactured by H. Buchlein of Newark NJ. To the best of my knowledge Buchlein was purchased by Smith & Warren, a very large manufacturing company. Buchlein was an old company (mid 1800's), and was moved upon purchase to Smith & Warren's facility in White Plains, NY. This particular style of badge was pretty popular across the nation during that time, there are numerous examples still floating around the internet for sale. This badge style was worn until 1970, when the police and fire departments were merged in one big experiment to form Durham Public Safety.



This badge above is an example of a hat badge from that period. Note the wear on the pin itself. Unlike today, officers once almost always wore their uniform caps when outdoors, and that was a good amount, considering many still walked a beat.



And the ultra rare "reserves" badge. Police reserves still exist in the department, and assist with events, such as parades.



In 1970 Durham became a public safety city. Note that the badge didn't change much.If you check the Durham Police website you'll see that they state that this badge was in service until 1985. It was not. This badge was changed somewhere close to 1980, and the badge design was identical to the current badge, but said "Public Safety" on it instead of "Police".



The badge above is a public safety supervisor badge. Note the gold tone of the badge of the blue enamel inlay, as opposed to the silver tone badge and black inlay. Durham continues to use gold tone badges and hat badges for the rank of Sgt and above. Officers and Cpls are still nickel (or silver tone).



The corresponding hat badge for the first design of the public safety badges. Note that deep royal blue enamel on the badge. It is just as bright in person. Badges for the rank of lieutenant and above had the same blue pattern, but had the actual rank inscribed.



As stated, around 1980 or so (I need to confirm an exact date, it is work in progress) Durham went to this larger badge style. It is twice the size of the older style badges, and it much more visually striking. In 1985 the police and fire departments were separated again, and Durham went back to having a regular police badge. Officer badges are, as stated above, two tone, while ranks above Sgt wear a badge that it fully gold toned. Note the abandoning of the NC seal and the integration of the tobacco leaf design, which was formerly worn on the patch until the public safety merger (patches are a whole other post). It is also the City of Durham's seal. The new badges are solid backed badges (as opposed to the hollow back worn since the turn of the century). They are currently made by the Entenmann- Rovin Co (http://www.entenmann-rovin.com) of Los Angeles, CA.



A current hat badge. Note again the tobacco leaf seal.





Finally we come to the only specialty badge (to my knowledge) produced by the Durham Police Department. Known as the "Millennium Badge", it features a color splash of red, white and blue. It was worn only for year, in celebration of the millennium. They were available by private purchase, and many have the unit numbers of the owners embossed on them (for example "Motor-5" or "TACT-1". (Photo from www.durhampolice.com). Unlike the current badges, it has a hollow back, and has a bit less curve than the current badge. The bottom pic shows a Sgt badge.